HISTORY

Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI, Indonesian Institute of Sciences) was officially established on 23 August 1967. Its history however can be traced by Presidential Act no. 128/1967 following a letter of People Representative Assembly (MPRS) no. 18/B/1967 concerning the merging of National Research Institute (LEMRENAS) and Indonesian Council of Science (MIPI).

The history of LIPI as scientific organization could be traced to the nineteenth century when a Botanical Garden (Land’s Plantentuin) was developed in Bogor by C.G.L Reindwardt and the Batavia Association Arts and Science (Bataviaasch Gennotschap voor Kunsten and Wetenschappen) was established by J.C. Rademacher, followed by the formation of Natural Science Board for Netherlands India (Natuurwetenschapelijk Raad voor Nederlandsch Indie) in 1928. This board was reorganized in 1948 to become Organization for Research on Natural Science (Organisatie voor Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek). After Indonesia’s independence, MIPI was founded in 1956, this organization rechange its name to Lembaga Penyelidikan Ilmu Alam (Research Institute for Natural Science) and was put under the newly founded Department of Natural Research Affairs (DURENAS) and was given additional duties to develop LEMRENAS.

The organization of LIPI was restructured in 1986 and 2001. The 2001 reorganization was based on Presidential Act no. 178/2000 on the Organization Structure and Duties of Non-departmental Research Institutions, followed by letters No. 1151/M/2001, 1008/M/2002, 1027/M/2003, and 321/M/2004 signed by Chairman of LIPI, these letters consisted regulation of various aspects of Organization, Working Mechanism, and main Duties of LIPI.

LIPI is a non departmental research institution belongs to the government. The Chairman of LIPI is directly responsible to the President of the Republic of Indonesia. At present, LIPI is one of the five Non-ministerial Government Institutes (Lembaga Pemerintah Non Departemen-LPND) coordinated by the State Ministry of Research and Technology (Kementrian Negara Riset dan Teknologi-KNRT)

The formation of a just, enlightened, creative, integrated, and dynamic society, supported by science and technology.

1. To master science and technology in the incessant efforts of strengthening national unity and of vitalizing the competitiveness of the nation.
2. To participate in the endeavor to develop the national community through

LIPI has three responsibilities as follows:

1. Responsibility to world of learning
2. Responsibility to society, and
3. Responsibility to stakeholders

All research done by LIPI’ scientists has to produce high quality results which contribute significantly to the advancement of science and to the academic world, industries, government institutions and society.

1. To advice and to formulate national policies in the field of science and technology
2. To conduct strategic and fundamental research in science and technology
3. To undertake appropriate scientific and technological research for sustainable development
4. To carry out basic, inter-and multidisciplinary research
5. To monitor, evaluate, and analyze trends in science and technology
6. To facilitate government institution activities in scientific research
7. To provide guidance and services to scientific and technological enterprises
8. To promote a code of ethics for scientists
9. To encourage and establish national and international scientific cooperation
10. To provide scientific and technological services
11. To coordinate functional activities and general administration services.

1. Scientific Authority in the field of Biodiversity : CITES
2. Collection and Conservation Center of Plants
3. Managing Botanic Gardens in Indonesia
4. Center for National Scientific Documentation and Information
5. National Focal Point of Scientific International Organization (ICSU,PSA, ASSREC, 6 Sub Committee of ASEAN, UNESCO COST,SCA,CODATA, IDRC, IFS etc)
6. Indonesian National Congress (KIPNAS)
7. National Education Center for Indonesian Researchers

1. Thematic research :
   1. food and health
   2. information technology
   3. communication and electronics
   4. environment and biodiversity
   5. policy and good governance
   6. engineering
   7. population and society
   8. earth science, aquatic, and energy
   9. national, regional and global competitiveness
   10. calibration and quality system
2. Competitive research:
   1. product, commodity and technology
   2. new energy and renewable energy resources
   3. marine life census
   4. post genomic molecular farming
   5. raw material of medicine base on Indonesian biodiversity
   6. research with regional dimension
   7. regional autonomy, conflict and competitiveness
   8. study on defense and security
3. Special Duty: IPTEKDA, CBD, CITES, CHM, BCH, SBSTTA, NMI
4. Development of Individual Staff and Scientists Competence
5. Institutional Development
6. Product Development, prototype and process
7. Publications (Journals, bulletins, newsletters, research reports, monographs, information booklets, proceeding, etc), conferences and seminars, science competition, and other related activities

LIPI has made enormous scientific achievements such us:

1. Food Security and Safety
   1. New local rice varieties and new rice diseases resistance varieties for increasing food supply
   2. Various tempe-based products (Mixture Tempe Food (BMC), RAPRIMA Inoculums for Tempe production, Tempe bases Biscuits/Cookies, Curry Can Tempe, Frozen Dessert)
   3. Beverage products based on local commodities (Cranberry tea, Mengkudu Tea, Aloe Tea)
   4. Germplasm Garden ( A gene pool fro selected economically potential fruit species
2. New and Renewable Energy
   1. Biodiesel (from beef tallow) as component of alternative clean fuel for engine that expand engine life
   2. Energy alternative micro-hydro using propeller turbine type and cross flow generating energy in remote villages
   3. Fuel Cell based on hydrogen to generate electricity with high efficiency
   4. EFT device for enhancing engine combustion and the emission quality
3. Technology and Transportation management
   1. Multy utility Electric Automobile MARLIP
   2. Car and motorbike Brake pad
   3. Bird Deterrent System for protecting airport runway from bird flock
4. Information Technology and Communication
   1. Data-mining based real time analysis system
   2. System information based on dynamic web
   3. Supervision system and real time commemoration for dissociation energy of diatomic generator
   4. Application of smart card based on java technology card for data storage
5. Health Technology and Medicine
   1. New immuno-modulator through Bio-prospecting
   2. Human erythropoetin (hEPO)- a pharmaceutical protein for curing blood related diseases, through molecular farming technique.
   3. PAST Sun-B Phototherapy System for curing Vitiligo or “Pigmentation Disorder” and reducing irritated effect from Psoriasis
   4. Natural Product base new bioactive molecules for cardiovascular diseases in clinical trial stage
6. Disaster and Environment
   1. Early warning system for earth and water related disaster to reduce the impact on physical damage and lift being
   2. High quality composites made from natural fiber
   3. IC50 TEST KIT for monitoring toxic compound
   4. Biotoilet and solid waste incinerator to reduce waste impact
   5. Needle destroyer to prevent miss-uses of and diseases transmission from medical syringe waste
   6. Bio-pesticide to support environmentally friendly agriculture system
   7. OKSIDA, a water treatment devise using plasma technology comprises ozone generator and ultraviolet light
7. Defense and Security
8. Construction of robotic vehicle for bomb destruction (MORO LIPI)
   1. Expertise and technology for repairing sub marine periscope
   2. New optical system for light arms mounted day/night telescope and night vision goggle
   3. Application of smart card based on java technology card to expand radar technology
9. Cultural Social
   1. Providing policies for government on strategic issues (conceptual contribution in the amendment of the constitution, drafting Government regulations)
   2. Performing General Election Systems
   3. Pioneer in Indonesia political reform movement

Alternative resources :

• Wikipedia